Showing posts with label Erythema Marginatum. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Erythema Marginatum. Show all posts

Thursday, May 31, 2018

Erythema Marginatum – Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

Erythema marginatum is a rare skin rash that occurs with rheumatic Fever. This type of fever is caused by streptococcus bacterial infection. It is characteristic rash to diagnose Rheumatic fever. Erythema marginatum is also called as erythema annulare. The rash infection can be caused by drug Allergy, chemical allergy or without any known reason. The term itself is connected with rheumatic fever.

Symptoms Of Erythema Marginatum :

The skin rash is marked by dark colored pink rings on the upper portion of the body and on the inner side of the limbs. It would either come and go for short while or stay for several months. When a person gets rheumatic fever the skin develops reddish patches that are disk shaped. These pink rings have elevated margins. The symptoms of rheumatic fever are not the same for all individuals. Usually it starts with Strep throat infection along with mild fever.

For some people the joints become very rigid and painful and intense pain is felt on the knees and elbow region. The joint pain would also be seen migrating from one place to another. The affected joint become swollen and red and hence causes sharp pain. For some there may be inflammation on the heart and central nervous system. Extreme tiredness, chest pain, shortness of breath and palpitations occur in many people along with erythema marginatum.

The skin area becomes covered with painless nodules or raised edges which can be visibly seen on the body. In rare cases it can cause jerky movements on the hands and feet wherein the limbs move involuntarily. Series of circular patches is seen on the skin on the torso region and on the extremities. These rashes do not cause itching sensation unlike other skin rash. The rash would initially appear as a patch and further grows outward in circular fashion. Medium to large sized bumps with slightly protruding margins are observed on the skin. The rash turns reddish when the body is exposed to sunlight or even after a shower. You should immediately visit your doctor if your child has Sore Throat with rash like symptoms. Often erythema marginatum affects only children and not adults.

Erythema Marginatum Causes :

Very often erythema marginatum occurs when the person is suffering from acute rheumatic fever. It may occur due to deficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor. Group A streptococcus is the main reason for causing strep throat which would then become complicated causing rheumatic fever. The bacteria would enter the blood stream thus affecting the immune system. This disease occurs as a result of autoimmune response.

The bacterium would contain molecules of protein that is very much like that found in our body tissues. Hence the immune system would by mistake destroys the healthy tissues of the body present in heart, joints and skin causing pink rashes. It would also affect the central nervous system causing intense joint pain. There is less chance for developing rheumatic fever if the person takes prescribed medication once he gets strep throat. The more the delay in taking right medicines the more is the chance of getting rheumatic fever. In acute cases, it would cause inflammation of heart muscles (carditis) causing serious complications.

Who Are At Risk?

A child or adult with predisposed gene for rheumatic fever is likely to get affected with erythema marginatum. Exposure to chemicals, poor sanitation facilities and other harmful environmental factors can cause increased chance of getting infected by strep bacteria.

Complications :

Skin rash and inflammation that has developed due to rheumatic fever may last for weeks or even months together. In some cases it can affect the soft membranes of the heart valves thus decreasing the blood flow, or valve leakage.

Diagnoses :

Your doctor would physically examine the body to detect the presence of circular patches like skin rash. He would check for other symptoms like Joint inflammation, abnormal heart rhythm or murmur. Strep infection caused by bacteria, can be diagnosed by blood test. He may order for ECG or echo in case if there is any complications in the heart. Throat swab test, rapid antigen test and skin biopsy can be done.

Read more on Measles Rash

Treatment :

The ultimate aim of treating erythema marginatum is to destroy the bacteria completely so that the person may not get recurring fever. The doctor would start with oral antibiotics like penicillin or other strong doses to kill strep bacteria in your body. Do not stop the medication without consulting your doctor since there is every chance for the fever to recur.

Even after the fever subsides, your doctor would give another course of antibiotics to prevent the occurrence of rheumatic fever again. Medications like aspirin, anaprox are given for treating inflammation and pain. To control any involuntary movement of hands and limbs your doctor may prescribe anticonvulsant drugs like valporic acid or carbamazepine. For controlling skin rash, topical creams that contain antibiotics and moisturizers are recommended. In case of erythema marginatum the source of the disease has to be addressed and not just the symptoms alone.

In case of severe heart damage, heart surgery is done for replacing the damaged valves. You need to make follow up visits to your doctor to prevent heart damage caused due to strep infection. Any person affected with this disease should be in bed rest for minimum one week or until the symptoms like inflammation and rash disappear. You should not delay in approaching your doctor if you have strep throat, cold and pink rashes. The more delay you make the more will be chance of getting rheumatic fever.

Pictures of Erythema Marginatum :

Images, Pics, Pictures and Photos of Erythema Marginatum

Erythema Marginatum Erythema Marginatum Erythema Marginatum Erythema Marginatum

Prevention :

You can prevent erythema marginatum and associated rheumatic fever by taking timely treatment for strep throat. Children should be given immediate medical care for sore throat and fever.

Tuesday, May 10, 2016

Erythema Marginatum

Erythema Marginatum






Erythema marginatum is a rare skin rash that occurs with rheumatic fever. This type of fever is caused by streptococcus bacterial infection. It is characteristic rash to diagnose rheumatic fever. Erythema marginatum is also called as erythema annulare. The rash infection can be caused by drug Allergy, chemical allergy or without any known reason. The term itself is connected with rheumatic fever.


Symptoms :










The skin rash is marked by dark colored pink rings on the upper portion of the body and on the inner side of the limbs. It would either come and go for short while or stay for several months. When a person gets rheumatic fever the skin develops reddish patches that are disk shaped. These pink rings have elevated margins. The symptoms of rheumatic fever are not the same for all individuals. Usually it starts with Strep Throat infection along with mild fever.


For some people the joints become very rigid and painful and intense pain is felt on the knees and elbow region. The joint pain would also be seen migrating from one place to another. The affected joint become swollen and red and hence causes sharp pain. For some there may be inflammation on the heart and central nervous system. Extreme tiredness, chest pain, shortness of breath and palpitations occur in many people along with erythema marginatum.


The skin area becomes covered with painless nodules or raised edges which can be visibly seen on the body. In rare cases it can cause jerky movements on the hands and feet wherein the limbs move involuntarily. Series of circular patches is seen on the skin on the torso region and on the extremities. These rashes do not cause itching sensation unlike other skin rash. The rash would initially appear as a patch and further grows outward in circular fashion.


Medium to large sized bumps with slightly protruding margins are observed on the skin. The rash turns reddish when the body is exposed to sunlight or even after a shower. You should immediately visit your doctor if your child has Sore Throat with rash like symptoms. Often erythema marginatum affects only children and not adults.


Causes :


Very often erythema marginatum occurs when the person is suffering from acute rheumatic fever. It may occur due to deficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor. Group A streptococcus is the main reason for causing strep throat which would then become complicated causing rheumatic fever. The bacteria would enter the blood stream thus affecting the immune system. This disease occurs as a result of autoimmune response.


The bacterium would contain molecules of protein that is very much like that found in our body tissues. Hence the immune system would by mistake destroys the healthy tissues of the body present in heart, joints and skin causing pink rashes. It would also affect the central nervous system causing intense joint pain. There is less chance for developing rheumatic fever if the person takes prescribed medication once he gets strep throat. The more the delay in taking right medicines the more is the chance of getting rheumatic fever. In acute cases, it would cause inflammation of heart muscles (carditis) causing serious complications.


Who are at risk?


A child or adult with predisposed gene for rheumatic fever is likely to get affected with erythema marginatum. Exposure to chemicals, poor sanitation facilities and other harmful environmental factors can cause increased chance of getting infected by strep bacteria.


Complications :


Skin rash and inflammation that has developed due to rheumatic fever may last for weeks or even months together. In some cases it can affect the soft membranes of the heart valves thus decreasing the blood flow, or valve leakage.


Diagnoses :


Your doctor would physically examine the body to detect the presence of circular patches like skin rash. He would check for other symptoms like Joint inflammation, abnormal heart rhythm or murmur. Strep infection caused by bacteria, can be diagnosed by blood test. He may order for ECG or echo in case if there is any complications in the heart. Throat swab test, rapid antigen test and skin biopsy can be done.


Treatment :


The ultimate aim of treating erythema marginatum is to destroy the bacteria completely so that the person may not get recurring fever. The doctor would start with oral antibiotics like penicillin or other strong doses to kill strep bacteria in your body. Do not stop the medication without consulting your doctor since there is every chance for the fever to recur.


Even after the fever subsides, your doctor would give another course of antibiotics to prevent the occurrence of rheumatic fever again. Medications like aspirin, anaprox are given for treating inflammation and pain. To control any involuntary movement of hands and limbs your doctor may prescribe anticonvulsant drugs like valporic acid or carbamazepine. For controlling skin rash, topical creams that contain antibiotics and moisturizers are recommended. In case of erythema marginatum the source of the disease has to be addressed and not just the symptoms alone.


In case of severe heart damage, heart surgery is done for replacing the damaged valves. You need to make follow up visits to your doctor to prevent heart damage caused due to strep infection. Any person affected with this disease should be in bed rest for minimum one week or until the symptoms like inflammation and rash disappear. You should not delay in approaching your doctor if you have strep throat, cold and pink rashes. The more delay you make the more will be chance of getting rheumatic fever.


Pictures of Erythema Marginatum :


Images, Pics, Pictures and Photos of Erythema Marginatum


Erythema Marginatum Erythema Marginatum Erythema Marginatum Erythema Marginatum


Prevention :


You can prevent erythema marginatum and associated rheumatic fever by taking timely treatment for strep throat. Children should be given immediate medical care for sore throat and fever.











Monday, May 09, 2016

Erythema Marginatum – Pictures, Symptoms, Treatment, Causes

Erythema Marginatum – Pictures, Symptoms, Treatment, Causes

What is Erythema Marginatum?


Erythema marginatum is a rare skin condition characterized by the onset of pink or reddish rings in the trunks and the inner regions of the limbs. These rings are primarily observed on the surfaces of the extensor muscles. It is a distinctive rash that appears and disappears periodically which may last for months.










Erythema marginatum is neither a disease nor a disorder but rather a symptom signifying the existence of an underlying condition that triggered the attack. This uncommon skin condition is divided into two types and the following are:


Erythema marginatum rheumaticum
This is the asymptomatic form of erythema marginatum that is superficial in occurrence. This type is usually associated with rheumatic fever and is also considered as a type of gyrate erythema and has no known etiology. The multiple skin eruptions can be seen dispersed all over the trunk and on the skin surface of the limbs.


Erythema marginatum perstans
This is the type of erythema marginatum that exhibit skin lesions distributed all over the skin surface of both the legs and the arms. The lesion can also spread to the other areas of the body except in the palm of the hands and soles of the feet. Erythema marginatum perstans may also affect the deep layer of the skin and the onset is believed to be associated with an existing underlying condition.


The incidence of erythema marginatum is prevalent in light skinned individuals and is rather hidden or difficult to observe in dark skinned people. It can affect people of all ages including children and is twice common in male gender than in female. Some percentage of rheumatic fever cases are also being linked or associated with erythema marginatum.


Erythema Marginatum Symptoms


The onset of erythema marginatum is represented by macular rings with pale center or a similar appearance to a doughnut. The circular fashion of the macula has rough edges signifying the slow development as revealed in the appearance of the rings. The lesions may be elevated or flushed while the core of the ring is small and flattened. The core of the ring is clear while the rash is spreading peripherally to adjacent areas. The rash or the circular rings assume a pinkish to reddish color with the core that is pale or clear.


The rash can occur in multiple areas of the body but cannot appear on the face, palms of the hands and soles of the feet. The pinkish or reddish rings have various sizes that range from 0.5cm to 8cm in diameter. The rings will spread and increase in size overtime and will tend to have an irregular shape or may have an indented margin. The initial onset is on the lower trunk then slowly extends in an upper direction. The rash on the lower part disintegrates as it extends upward where it becomes more apparent.


Erythema marginatum is generally non-pruritic that no irritation and itchy sensation can be experienced. The rash however can be aggravated by body temperature where it gets worse during hot shower or extreme heat in the weather. The aggravation is characterized by reddish discoloration where it disintegrates as soon as the body temperature is back to normal.


Causes


Erythema marginatum has no clear or definite etiology. The sudden alteration in the epidermal layer of the skin is the result of inflammation in the blood vessels is prompted by the lymphocytes histiocytes. The exact cause of the alteration of the epidermal layer of the skin in erythema marginatum has not been clearly identified. There are several factors however that are being considered to trigger the onset of erythema marginatum and the following are:
Rheumatic fever
Rheumatic fever is often associated with erythema marginatum. It is an inflammatory disease caused by group A streptococcus bacterial infection. This inflammatory disease is prevalent in children with ages from 5 to 15 years although can also occur in adults. Erythema marginatum is among the clinical features of Rheumatic fever and the rash is non-pruritic and generally not painful. The onset of rash can go unnoticed and usually fades then reappear within hours that may persist for weeks or months. Rheumatic fever is also regarded as the most common cause of erythema marginatum as revealed in most cases reported.


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Lyme Disease
Lyme disease also results to erythema marginatum as among its symptoms. It is an infectious disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi and is prevalent in North America. It is a tick-borne disease that is transmitted to humans through bites from infected ticks of the genus of Ixodes.


Allergy
Allergic reaction towards a wide range of stimuli can trigger the onset of rash as its response to the stimuli. This could include food ingested, exposure to chemical agents, and environmental exposures. The allergic food reaction is the most common trigger of rash particularly in blue cheese and tomatoes.


Malignancy
Malignancy is also one factor considered for the onset or erythema marginatum. Life-threatening diseases and disorders such as Leukemia, lymphoma, Breast Cancer and Squamous Cell Carcinoma are among the considered triggers of erythema marginatum.


Infection
Infection from a broad spectrum of causative agents can result to small eruptions. Escherichia coli, Ascaris lumbricoides and Candida albicans are among the infectious agent known to elicit the rash of erythema marginatum.


Adverse reaction
Adverse reaction to certain drugs used for medication can also elicit the rash eruption. Pharmacological drugs such as penicillin, antimalarial chloroquine or hydrocychloroquine and cimetidine are being linked to the activation of erythema marginatum in some cases.


Hormones
A hormonal change is another factor being considered in erythema marginatum as seen in pregnant women. The onset of puberty is activated by hormonal changes thus explains the onset of erythema in children aged 15 years or those already in their puberty stage. Erythema marginatum during pregnancy usually resolve right after delivery.


Treatment


Erythema marginatum is not a primary disease but rather a symptom of a number of disorders that treatment directed towards the rash is not necessary. The rash usually resolves on its own even without treatment although they tend to linger for weeks, months and even a year.


Rheumatic fever is the most common cause of erythema marginatum that treating the underlying condition is necessary to prevent medical complications that may arise from erythema marginatum as the condition if can result to an inflammation in the heart which is potentially life-threatening.


Withdrawal from drugs and any other medication that can aggravate the rash is necessary. Food that can elicit allergic reaction should be avoided to prevent the onset of erythema marginatum while those that are caused by an infection can be managed with antibiotic treatment to eradicate the infection.






Erythema Marginatum Pictures


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